上海话典型差比结构的句法层次

Syntactic Hierarchy of the Typical Comparative Construction in Shanghainese

摘要

摘要:本文详细讨论了上海话典型差比结构的句法结构，发现上海话典型差比结构中的比较结果前存在一个由"更加"引导的等级层-DegP和一个由"还要"引导的焦点层-FocP。焦点层总是高于等级层，从而形成FocP>DegP的排列。研究的结论是，位于差比句首的比较主体可看作主题，上海话典型差比结构因此是一个主题句。比较基准也可主题化，不过当其主题化后，右侧的比较结果前需等级层和（或）焦点层来突显其新信息的身份。

Abstract:The paper proposes a Degree Phrase (DegP) and a Focus Phrase (FocP) before the comparative adjective in the typical comparative construction in Shanghainese, in which FocP is always base-generated higher than DegP, and thus form the pattern of FocP>DegP.It is further pointed out that the comparative subject can always be topicalized.Therefore, the typical comparative construction in Shanghainese is a topic structure in nature.The comparative standard can also be topicalized, providing that there is a DegP, or a FocP highlighting the comparative adjective as the new information in the comment.