杜丹, 吴春相. 存现动词与时体标记的类型特征[J]. 外国语, 2021, 44(1): 64-75.
引用本文: 杜丹, 吴春相. 存现动词与时体标记的类型特征[J]. 外国语, 2021, 44(1): 64-75.
DU Dan, WU Chunxiang. Typological Characteristics of Existential Verbs and Tense-Aspect Markers[J]. Journal of Foreign Languages, 2021, 44(1): 64-75.
Citation: DU Dan, WU Chunxiang. Typological Characteristics of Existential Verbs and Tense-Aspect Markers[J].Journal of Foreign Languages, 2021, 44(1): 64-75.

存现动词与时体标记的类型特征

Typological Characteristics of Existential Verbs and Tense-Aspect Markers

  • 摘要:在语言类型学的视野下,本文研究发现许多语言中的进行体/持续体标记以及相关语法语素大多源于存现动词,包括存在义类、系词类、领有义类、位移义类、居住义类、处所义类等动词,这一语言现象在跨语言中具有普遍性。在此基础上本文试图探寻类型学视野下存现动词与时体标记的演变路径以及蕴含共性。作者最后指出,正是由于存现动词的显赫性、空间域向时间域的转换、语义泛化等动因,导致大多进行体/持续体标记由存现动词演变而成。

    Abstract:From the perspective of linguistic typology, this paper finds that Progressive and Continuous, and their related grammatical morphemes are mostly derived from existential verbs, including existential, copulative, possessive, displacement, residential and locative semantics.The linguistic phenomenon is cross-linguistically universal.On this basis, this paper investigates the evolution path and implicative universals of existential verbs and tense-aspect markers from the perspective of typology.It is found that mighty category characteristics of existential verbs, transformation from spatial domain to time domain, and semantic generalizations contribute to the progressive/continuous body markers evolving from existential verbs.

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