施格语言的语序

Word Order Patterns in Ergative Languages

摘要

摘要:本文以78种施格语言为样本，在语言类型学的框架下讨论施格语言的语序模式。主要探讨三个方面的问题：（一）理清施格语言语序的基本面貌，包括小句语序、名词短语修饰语语序、附置词位置；（二）发掘各项语序特征之间的关联，认为语序特征之间是密切相关的而不是各自独立的；（三）比较施格语言和一般语言的语序，指出其共性和差异，在此基础上丰富和修正已有的语序类型学研究成果。文章也提出了施格语言的8条语序共性。

Abstract:This paper examines word order patterns in ergative languages with a sample of 78 languages.It presents various patterns of clause order, order of head noun and modifiers (namely genitives, demonstratives, adjectives, numerals, and relative clauses), and order of adpositions and noun phrases.It proposes that patterns in individual word order parameters are closely related.The similarities and differences of word order between ergative languages and languages in general are addressed.A list of word order universals of ergative languages is also provided.